![]() ![]() People who lack fluency have difficulty reading quickly, accurately, and with proper expression (if reading aloud). People who have difficulty sounding out written words struggle to match letters to their proper sounds. Reading disorders can also involve problems with specific skills: Other people may have normal reading skills but have problems understanding written words. They may also have cognitive or social problems. Hyperlexia is a disorder where people have advanced reading skills but may have problems understanding what is read or spoken aloud. 2 This kind of reading disorder is called alexia. But some people lose the ability to read after a stroke or an injury to the area of the brain involved with reading. Most reading problems are present from the time a child learns to read. Although the disorder varies from person to person, there are common characteristics: People with dyslexia often have a hard time sounding out words, understanding written words, and naming objects quickly. Individuals with dyslexia have normal intelligence, but they read at levels significantly lower than expected. It specifically impairs a person’s ability to read. Types of Reading Disordersĭyslexia is the most well-known reading disorder. Visit our topic on learning disabilities for more information about these problems. People with reading disorders may have other learning disabilities, too, including problems with writing or numbers. Reading disorders are not a type of intellectual or developmental disorder, and they are not a sign of lower intelligence or unwillingness to learn. Not everyone with a reading disorder has every symptom. People with reading disorders often have problems recognizing words they already know and understanding text they read. But a person can develop a reading problem from an injury to the brain at any age. 1 Usually, these differences are present from a young age. Most reading disorders result from specific differences in the way the brain processes written words and text. It generally refers to difficulties reading individual words and can lead to problems understanding text. ![]() Dyslexia is one type of reading disorder. International Dyslexia Association.Reading disorders occur when a person has trouble reading words or understanding what they read. 5 questions parents and educators can ask to start conversations about using terms like learning disabilities, dyslexia, dyscalculia, and dysgraphia. National Center on Learning Disabilities. Structured Literacy instruction: the basics. Early identification and interventions for dyslexia: a contemporary view. What are the symptoms of reading disorders? National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. ![]() doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2014.06.015Īmerican Psychological Association. Functional neuroanatomical evidence for the double-deficit hypothesis of developmental dyslexia. Interpreting developmental surface dyslexia within a comorbidity perspective. Double trouble: visual and phonological impairments in English dyslexic readers. Provazza S, Adams AM, Giofrè D, Roberts DJ. Connectionist neuropsychology: uncovering ultimate causes of acquired dyslexia. Genome-wide association study reveals new insights into the heritability and genetic correlates of developmental dyslexia. ![]() Gialluisi A, Andlauer TFM, Mirza-Schreiber N, et al. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. ![]()
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